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What is a Sore Throat?
A sore throat, medically known as pharyngitis, is an inflammation of the throat’s mucous membranes. It’s often caused by viruses like the cold or flu virus, but it can also be triggered by bacteria like streptococcus. Symptoms include throat pain, difficulty swallowing, and redness. Additional signs might include fever, hoarseness, and swollen lymph nodes.
Causes of a Sore Throat
The main causes of sore throats are viral infections that spread via droplets, like from coughing or sneezing. Bacterial infections, such as strep throat, are also common causes. Dry air, smoking, and vocal strain can also contribute. Allergic reactions or irritants in the environment can further inflame the throat.
Long-term Effects of a Sore Throat
A sore throat usually clears up within a few days, especially if viral. However, untreated bacterial infections can lead to serious complications, such as middle ear infections or tonsillitis. Chronic sore throats may indicate an underlying condition and should be medically evaluated to prevent long-term damage.