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What is Type 2 Diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder in which the body either does not produce enough insulin or the cells cannot effectively use the insulin produced. Insulin is a hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels. In people with type 2 diabetes, this leads to consistently high blood sugar. Typical symptoms include frequent urination, intense thirst, and persistent fatigue. While it often develops in adulthood, type 2 diabetes is increasingly seen in younger individuals.
Causes and Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes
The primary causes of type 2 diabetes include a combination of genetic predisposition and unhealthy lifestyle habits. Obesity, lack of physical activity, and an unhealthy diet are significant risk factors. Fat accumulation, particularly in the abdominal area, promotes insulin resistance, increasing the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes. Additionally, family history and age are key factors.
Long-term Effects of Type 2 Diabetes
If untreated or poorly controlled, type 2 diabetes can lead to severe long-term health complications. Common issues include cardiovascular diseases, kidney damage, nerve damage, and vision problems. Slow wound healing increases the risk of infections and amputations. Early diagnosis and lifestyle changes can help prevent or minimize these complications.