What is Cancer (Malignancies)?

Cancer, also known as malignancies, is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. In this process, healthy cells transform into malignant tumor cells that can destroy surrounding tissue. These tumors can grow locally or spread throughout the body via the blood or lymphatic system, a process called metastasis. There are various types of cancer depending on the organ or tissue affected, such as lung cancer, breast cancer, or skin cancer.

Causes and Risk Factors of Malignancies

The exact causes of cancer are diverse and often involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Key risk factors include smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, UV exposure, poor diet, and lack of physical activity. A family history can also increase the risk for certain cancers. In addition, carcinogenic substances (such as chemicals or radiation) are well-known triggers for malignancy development.

Long-Term Effects of Cancer (Malignancies)

Cancer can have significant long-term health effects. Depending on the type, stage, and extent of spread, it can cause permanent damage to the affected organ and severely impact overall well-being. In addition to physical symptoms such as fatigue, pain, or weight loss, psychological burdens like anxiety or depression may also arise. Although cancer is often considered life-threatening, many people survive today and live long-term with the disease thanks to modern diagnostics and treatments.